{"id":24799,"date":"2015-11-09T09:17:18","date_gmt":"2015-11-09T01:17:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/uxren.cn\/?p=24799"},"modified":"2015-11-09T09:17:18","modified_gmt":"2015-11-09T01:17:18","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e3%80%91%e4%ba%a4%e4%ba%92%e8%ae%be%e8%ae%a1%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%94%e7%bb%b4%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uxren.cn\/?p=24799","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5206\u6790\u3011\u4ea4\u4e92\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a\u4e94\u7ef4\u5206\u6790\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.uxren.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/index2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-24801\" alt=\"index\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uxren.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/index2.jpg\" width=\"620\" height=\"364\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.uxren.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/index2.jpg 620w, https:\/\/www.uxren.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/index2-300x176.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 620px) 100vw, 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href=\"https:\/\/www.uxren.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/first1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-24800\" alt=\"first1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.uxren.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/first1.png\" width=\"396\" height=\"504\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.uxren.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/first1.png 396w, https:\/\/www.uxren.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/first1-235x300.png 235w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u56fe\u793a\u662f\u7ebd\u7ea6\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4e0b\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u7684\u753b\u9762\u3002\u753b\u9762\u7684\u4e0b\u65b9\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u68cb\u76d8\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u805a\u7cbe\u4f1a\u795e\u7684\u68cb\u624b\u3002\u68cb\u76d8\u7684\u4e00\u4fa7\u653e\u7740\u88ab\u5403\u5230\u7684\u9ed1\u68cb\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4fa7\u6446\u653e\u7740\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u3002\u7a0d\u540e 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\u4ece\u5176\u59ff\u52bf\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u6d4b\u4ed6\u5df2\u7ecf\u770b\u4e86\u597d\u4e00\u9635\u5b50\u4e86\u3002\u7d27\u8ddf\u5728\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u68cb\u5c40\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6b63\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u79fb\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u6309\u4e0b\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4ed6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u624b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4 \u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u68cb\u5c40\u4e5f\u6709\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5219\u663e\u7684\u4e0d\u50cf\u4e0a\u4e00\u684c\u89c2\u4f17\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u4e13\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e0d\u65f6\u7684\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u6d41\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u5206\u6790\u5b66\u5bb6 Adam Kendon\uff081990\uff09\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6 Erving Goffman\uff081963\uff09\uff0c\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u5bb6 Edward Hall\uff081983\uff09\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u8868\u60c5\uff0c\u773c\u795e\uff0c\u59ff\u52bf\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u5c0f\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u3002\u8be5\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u4f53\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5927\u578b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u9762 \u677f\uff0c\u623f\u95f4\uff0c\u5927\u697c\u2014\u2014\u4eba\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<h5><strong>3.\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ef4<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u7167\u7247\u4e2d\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u7cbe\u81f4\u7684\u68cb\u76d8\u4e0a\u6392\u5217\u8fd9\u9ed1\u767d\u68cb\u5b50\u3002\u68cb\u76d8\u4e00\u4fa7\u662f\u88ab\u5403\u6389\u7684\u9ed1\u68cb\u5b50\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4fa7\u662f\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea7\u54c1\u626e\u6f14\u8fd9\u591a\u91cd\u4f5c\u7528\u3002Nrman \u5728 \u300aThings thank Make Us Smart (1993) \u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u51cf\u8f7b\u4eba\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u68cb\u76d8\u548c\u68cb\u5b50\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e0b\u68cb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u8d70\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u53bb\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6b64\u65f6\u68cb\u5c40\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec \u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u884c\u4e3a\u5b66\u5bb6 David Sudnow \u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u548c\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u6781\u5176\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u3002\u5728\u300a Ways of the Hand, Sudnow (2001)\u300b \u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7ec6\u8282\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528\u94a2\u7434\u521b\u9020\u5373\u5174\u7235\u58eb\u4e50\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u7684\u624b\u6307\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u7434\u952e\u95f4\u821e\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u5728 Ed Hutchins \u7684 Cognition in the Wild (1995) \u7684\u88ab\u63d0\u53ca\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u6210\u5206\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u662f\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u4ee3\u66ff\u4e86\u8ba1 \u65f6\u5458\u3002\u8be5\u89c2\u70b9\u7531 Bruno Latour (1992) \u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4ea7\u54c1\u7a33\u5b9a\u5e76\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u4eba\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1\u591a\u91cd\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u4f53\u4ea7\u54c1\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7528\u865a\u62df\u4ea7\u54c1 \u66ff\u4ee3\u5b9e\u4f53\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u4eba\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h5><strong>4.\u793e\u4ea4\u7ef4<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7167\u7247\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u660e\u786e\u770b\u51fa\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u793e\u4ea4\u7ef4\u7528\u6765\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4eba\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u548c\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53bb\u53d1\u73b0\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0b\u7684\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u56fe\u7247\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba \u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5b64\u96f6\u96f6\u7684\u7ad9\u5728\u90a3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f7c\u6b64\u95f4\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u67d0\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u2014\u2014\u68cb\u624b\uff0c\u89c2\u4f17\uff0c\u8def\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u9075\u5b88\u7740\u67d0\u79cd\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b \u65e0\u5f62\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5632\u8bbd\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u5f53\u522b\u4eba\u5728\u601d\u8003\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u8d70\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u65f6\uff0c\u6253\u7bee\u7403\u65f6\u5219\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u73b0\u4eba\u5927\u5435\u5927\u53eb\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f60\u5403\u4e86\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u68cb\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u968f\u624b\u628a\u68cb\u5b50\u5c31\u6254\u5230 \u5730\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u65e0\u5f62\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u89c2\u68cb\u4e0d\u8bed\u771f\u541b\u5b50\uff0c\u8c01\u8f93\u4e86\u8c01\u6362\u4eba\u7b49\u4e0d\u8a00\u81ea\u660e\u7684\u6761\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66 (Goffman, 1963), \u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u6790\u5b66\uff08Heath &amp; Luff, 2000\uff09\uff0c\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\uff08Whyte, 1988\uff09\u7684\u9886\u57df\u3002\u8be5\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u6b3e\u7f51\u9875\u7aef\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u7684\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u4ea4\u4e92 \u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u6548\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<h5><strong>5.\u751f\u6001\u7ef4<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u662f\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u4ea4\u4e92\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5173\u6ce8\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u6bd4\u8d5b\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6bd4 \u8d5b\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u6237\u5916\u5c0f\u7a7a\u5730\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u6237\u5916\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8def\u4eba\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u8def\u8fc7\u540e\u4f1a\u5f97\u51fa\u8fd9\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4eba\u6765\u4e0b\u68cb\u3002\u6216\u8bb8\uff0c\u67d0\u5929\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u7a7a\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6 \u4eec\u4f1a\u4e13\u95e8\u6765\u770b\u68cb\u6216\u8005\u4e0b\u68cb\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u7ef4\u6301\u8fd9\u4e00\u6d3b\u52a8\u5927\u6709\u88e8\u76ca\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8be5\u6e38\u620f\u5f88\u65e0\u8da3\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5438\u5f15\u5230\u8def\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u7136\u7ed9\u5feb\u8282\u594f\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u751f\u6d3b\u589e\u6dfb\u4e86\u4e00\u62b9\u751f\u673a\u3002\u8be5\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5728 \u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u5bb6 Jane Jacobs (1961)\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\uff08Banejee &amp; Southworth, 1990\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08 Christopher Alexander (Alexander et al., 1977) \u548c\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u5bb6 William Whyte (1988) \u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6709\u8fc7\u9610\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<h5><strong>6.\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>\u6211\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u53bb\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ea4\u4e92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6216\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6211\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f \u2014\u2014\u4ea4\u4e92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u591a\u91cd\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u9047\u5230\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u505a\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u6211\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u53eb\u505a\u2014\u2014\u7075\u6d3b\u8f6c\u6362\u89c6\u89d2\u2014\u2014\u5728\u6211\u770b \u6765\u662f\u4ea4\u4e92\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e08\u6700\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<address>\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jianshu.com\/p\/e3fcde5d4c2f\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">http:\/\/www.jianshu.com\/p\/e3fcde5d4c2f<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/address>\n<p>===================================================================================================================<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9UXRen\u793e\u533a\u5b98\u7f51\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e00\u5c81\u534a\u4e86\uff0c \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c0f\u7f16\u8981\u611f\u8c22\u90a3\u4e48\u4e00\u5982\u65e2\u5f80\u652f\u6301\u672c\u7ad9\u7684\u6cb9\u8336\u4eba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">UXRen.cn\u6b22\u8fce\u6cb9\u8336\u4eba\u6295\u7a3f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8d44\u8baf\u3001\u7ebf\u7d22\u3001\u70b9\u5b50\u53ca\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\u90ae\u7bb1\uff1a<a href=\"mailto:contact@13tech.com.cn\"><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">contact@13tech.com.cn<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #3366ff;\">\u6ce8\u660e\uff1a\u672c\u7ad9\u5185\u5bb9\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u53ca\u516c\u5f00\u6e20\u9053\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u4fb5\u6743\u8bf7\u53ca\u65f6\u8054\u7cfb\u6211\u4eec\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>===================================================================================================================<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u91ce\u5b50Joey &nbsp; 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